Panticapaeum

Panticapaeum was an ancient Greek colony founded about 2600 years ago at the site of present-day Kerch city in the Crimea (Ukraine). Panticapaeum became the capital of the Bosporan Kingdom, which arose in the 5th century. It was heavily damaged in Saumacus revolt and Diophantus capture of the city at the end of the 2nd century BC and by an earthquake in 70 BC.

Panticapaeum was rebuilt under Roman rule, and by the 1st century AD had regained its commercial importance. It began to decline in the 3rd century as tribal raids disrupted the trade in the Black Sea and the Mediterranean Basin. Panticapaeum was destroyed by the Huns in 370. Later a town arose at the site, which in the Middle Ages became known as Bosporus. Today archeological expeditions systematically excavate the site of Panticapaeum in Kerch.