North Dakota
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State nicknames:
Peace Garden State Roughrider State Flickertail State | |||||
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Other U.S. States | |||||
| Capital | Bismarck | ||||
| Largest City | Fargo | ||||
| Governor | John Hoeven | ||||
| Area - Total - Land - Water - % water |
Ranked 19th 183,272 kmē 178,839 kmē 4,432 kmē 2.4% | ||||
| Population - Total (2000) - Density |
Ranked 47th
642,200 3.5/kmē | ||||
| Admittance into Union - Order - Date |
39th November 2, 1889 | ||||
| Time zone |
Central: UTC-6/-5 Mountain: UTC-7/-6 Northwestern and Eastern ND is Central, Southwestern is Mountain | ||||
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Latitude Longitude |
45°55' N to 49° N; 97° W to 104° W | ||||
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Width Length Elevation -Highest -Mean -Lowest |
340 km 545 km 1,069 meters 580 meters 229 meters | ||||
| ISO 3166-2: | US-ND | ||||
North Dakota is a state of the United States, named after the Dakota segment of the Sioux Native American Indians. Its U.S. postal abbreviation is ND.
The United States Navy vessels USS North Dakota and Flickertail State were named in honor of North Dakota.
| Table of contents |
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2 Law and government 3 Geography 4 Economy 5 Demographics 6 Important cities and towns 7 Education 8 Miscellaneous information 9 Trivia 10 External links |
North Dakota was one of the last places in the continental United States to be explored and settled. The first European explorers to visit the area were French. However, the native tribes were in sufficient contact with European traders that by the time of Lewis and Clark, they were at least somewhat aware of the French, then Spanish claims to their territory.
The state was settled sparsely until the late 1800s, when the railroads pushed through the state, and aggressively marketed the land. On 2 November 1889, North Dakota was admitted to the Union with South Dakota (see Trivia below). By 1920 the state had about as many people as it has today.
North Dakota has a bicameral legislature. The state elects two House Representatives and one Senator from each of 47 districts apportioned by population. The legislature only meets for 80 days in even-numbered years and when summoned by the governor. See also: North Dakota Legislative Assembly, North Dakota Senate, North Dakota House of Representatives
The major political parties in North Dakota are the Republican Party and the Democratic-NPL Party.
North Dakota's judiciary is rather simple. Each of the 53 counties has a court, from which appeals are sent straight to the Supreme Court. Because of the expense of having each county hire a judge, and the fairly low workload, the state is divided into seven judicial districts which collectively elect judges to travel to the various courthouses and hear cases.
District Judges are elected to six-year terms. Supreme Court Judges are elected to ten-year terms. The Supreme Court Justice is selected every 5 years by vote of the District and Supreme Court Judges.
See: List of North Dakota Governors, List of United States Senators from North Dakota
North Dakota is bordered on the north by the Canadian Provinces of Saskatchewan and Manitoba, on the west by Montana, on the south by South Dakota, and on the east, across the Red River of the North, by Minnesota. The Missouri River flows through the western part of the state, forming Lake Sakakawea behind the Garrison Dam. It is mainly a farm state and most of its industries (food processing and farm equipment) are connected to farming. Farms and ranches stretch across the rolling plains from the Red River Valley in the east to the rugged Badlands in the west. The geographic centre of the North American continent is located near Rugby.
6.1% of its population were reported as under 5, 25% under 18, and 14.7% were 65 or older. Females made up approximately 50.1% of the population.
By population, the ten largest urban centres in the state are:
However, the population of the state as a whole is declining, and has become a major political issue.
History
full article: History of North DakotaLaw and government
The capital of North Dakota is Bismarck and its governor is John Hoeven (Republican). Its two U.S. senators are Kent Conrad (Democrat) and Byron Dorgan (Democrat). Its congressman is Earl Pomeroy (Democrat).Geography
See: List of North Dakota countiesEconomy
North Dakota's 1999 total gross state product was $17 billion, the smallest in the nation. Its 2000 Per Capita Personal Income was $25,068, placing it 38th in the nation. The state's agricultural outputs include wheat, cattle, barley, flax, milk, soybeans, sunflowers, and sugar beets. Its small industrial output includes electric power, food processing, machinery, coal mining, and tourism.Demographics
As of the 2000 census, the population of North Dakota is 642,200. Its population grew 0.5% (3,400) from its 1990 levels. According to the 2000 census,
92.4% (593,181) identified themselves as White,
1.2% (7,786) as Hispanic or Latino,
0.6% (3,916) as black,
0.6% (3,606) as Asian,
4.9% (31,329) as American Indian or Alaska Native,
0.04% (230) as Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander
0.4% (2,540) as other, and
1.2% (7,398) identified themselves as belonging to two or more races. Important cities and towns
See also: List of cities in North Dakota
Interestingly, Devils Lake tends to be considered more important than Wahpeton because of Devils Lake's geographic isolation. The population trends in the state are noting a distinct shift from the rural areas to the larger cities. Most of North Dakota's biggest cities grew between 1990 and 2000, with the notable exception of Grand Forks, which was decimated in the Red River Flood, 1997.Education
North Dakota's leaders frequently boast that the educational scene in the state is excellent. However, because the economic situation is no match for it, most skilled graduates leave the state.Colleges and universities
North Dakota boasts one of the healthiest higher education scenes in the nation. There are 11 public colleges and universities, 5 tribal community colleges, and 3 private schools in the state. They are:Miscellaneous information
Trivia
A bill for statehood for North and South Dakota (and Montana, and Washington)
was passed on February 22 1889 during the Administration of Grover Cleveland.
It was left to his successor Benjamin Harrison to
sign proclamations formally admitting North and South
Dakota to the Union on November 2 1889. However, the rivalry
between the northern and southern territories
presented a dilemma: only one, upon the President's
signature on the proclamation, could gain the distinction
of being admitted before the other. So Harrison directed
his Secretary of State James Blaine to shuffle
the papers and obscure from him which he was signing
first, and the priority went unrecorded.
| Regions of North Dakota | |
|---|---|
| Red River Valley | Missouri Escarpment | Badlands | |
| Largest Cities | |
| Beulah | Bismarck | Devils Lake | Dickinson | Fargo | Grafton | Grand Forks | Jamestown | Mandan | Minot | Rugby | Valley City | Wahpeton | West Fargo | Williston | |
| Counties | |
| Adams - Barnes - Benson - Billings - Bottineau - Bowman - Burke - Burleigh - Cass - Cavalier - Dickey - Divide - Dunn - Eddy - Emmons - Foster - Golden Valley - Grand Forks - Grant - Griggs - Hettinger - Kidder - La Moure - Logan - McHenry - McIntosh - McKenzie - McLean - Mercer - Morton - Mountrail - Nelson - Oliver - Pembina - Pierce - Ramsey - Ransom - Renville - Richland - Rolette - Sargent - Sheridan - Sioux - Slope - Stark - Steele - Stutsman - Towner - Traill - Walsh - Ward - Wells - Williams |
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