Geneva Conference (1954)
The Geneva Conference of April - July 1954 was a conference between many countries that agreed to restore peace in Indochina and Korea.
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2 The Geneva Conference 3 Post declaration events 4 See also |
During the First Indochina War, the French had sought to re-establish colonial rule in Indochina, but despite American aid, they were defeated 1954 by forces under the leadership of communist guerrilla Ho Chi Minh, notably in the Battle of Dien Bien Phu.
The agreement was between Cambodia, the Democratic Republic of Viet-Nam, France, Laos, the People's Republic of China, the State of Viet-Nam, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the United Kingdom and the United States of America.
Backed by the United States, the southern government headed by Ngo Dinh Diem refused to open consultation with the North Vietnamese concerning general elections, which were never honoured.
The result was the Second Indochina War which is also known as the Vietnam WarBackground
See main article: History of Vietnam.The Geneva Conference
On 21 July, the Conference produced a declaration which suported the territorial integrity and sovereignty of the Indochina which gained independence, the cessation of hostilities and foreign involvement (or troops) in internal affairs. Vietnam was partitioned into northern and southern zones pending unification on the basis of internationally supervised free elections to be held in June 1955 (Article 3).Post declaration events
The partition forced about two million North Vietnamese to migrate to the south as the communist north began impose severe rules to implement radical land reforms.