Agenor

In Greek mythology, Agenor ("very manly") was King of Tyre and son of Poseidon by Libya (daughter of Epaphus) and brother of Belus. (But according to Nonnus he was son of Belus.) Agenor was father of Phoenix in all accounts (except in Nonnus where Phoenix is Agenor's brother and son of Belus).

Sources differ also as to whether Agenor was also himself the father of Cadmus and Europa and possibly of Cilix and Thasus or whether it was Phoenix son of Agenor who was father of that brood.

In the Iliad (14.321–22) Europa is clearly daughter of Phoenix. Either Cadmus or Europa are confirmed as children of Phoenix by the Ehoeae attributed to Hesiod and by Bacchylides and by various scholiae. Cilix and Phineus are also sons of Phoenix according to Pherecydes (3F86) who also adds an otherwise unknown son named Doryclus.

But most of our later sources make Cadmus and Cilix sons of Agenor directly without Phoenix intervening. If mentioned at all, Phoenix is their brother.

It really doesn't matter much. Even when Phoenix appears as Cadmus' brother he has no role to play other than eventually somehow ending up as heir to his father to become eponym of the Phoenicians. All accounts agree on a Phoenician king who has several children, including the two sons named Cadmus and Cilix and a daughter named Europa.

Zeus saw Europa gathering flowers and immediately fell in love with her. Zeus transformed himself into a white bull and carried Europa away to the island of Crete. He then revealed his true identity and Europa became the first queen of Crete. Europa's father, meanwhile, sent Europa's brothers, Cadmus and Cilix in search of her along with other brothers in some versions: Phineus or Thasus (and of course Phoenix in the versions where the Cadmus' father is Agenor).

So Cadmus went on a quest to find his disappeared sister. Upon consulting the oracle of Delphi, he was advised to travel until encountering a cow. He was to follow this cow and to found a city where the cow would lie down; this city became Thebes.

Cilix searched for her and settled down in Asia Minor. The land was called Cilicia after him.

It is thought that the name Agenor may represent an unknown name by which the Phoenicians called themselves, perhaps related to Canaan.

Virgil I, 338






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